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Many people are beginning to see the importance of writing and publishing articles on the Internet as part of their research. TICAN is not different.

I have written several books and included, also, various genealogy trees found in old history records, my writings are merely my implied opinion, my consequential thinking and elaboration on those facts and events. I believe it is a perfectly justifiable to consider events and documented behavioral patterns of a subject and inductively profile the character, culture, feelings and human dimensions of the individual. We do this all the time in politics, business, and social relationships so I see no reason why we should be prevented from doing so with important prime movers of the past.

Salvatore Caputo"

OPINIONS OF ARTICLES - The management of TICAN announces that the opinions and views expressed in the public works that represent are the unique thought of their authors. For this reason it declines liability on the claims contained in the articles. By the mere fact of writing for the organization, they should not feel identified with the views expressed in the editorial. In this publication notes and reviews are published free of charge. The articles, though not published, are not returned.

ARTICLES OF INTEREST 

The Bentivoglio Family of Bologna. A mythical origin and imaginary. Originally from the castle of that name in the neighborhood of Bologna, Italy. They claimed descent from Enzo (c. 1224-72), King of Sardinia, a natural son of Frederick II. During the fourteenth century the family belonged to one of the workingmen's guilds at Bologna, where it became all-powerful in the fifteenth century. It contracted alliances with the Kings of Aragon, the Dukes of Milan and other sovereigns; and in its later history, became one of the prominent families of Ferrara. By Carmelo Curró Troiano and Don Salvatore Ferdinando Antonio Caputo. Download here.

The House of Este. The Este Royal Family still reigns, and with the world's most famous monarchy. It reigns under another name, because now is called Windsor. In their veins, however, runs the blood of the oldest Italian Dynasty. Among the many states of late medieval Italy, one stands out for its unfamiliarity to an English audience and for its neglect in historical research: that of the Este family, lords (later Dukes) of the cities of Ferrara, Modena and Reggio in northern Italy. 

The House of Este gave Great Britain and the United Kingdom the "Hanoverian monarchs" All (almost) European royal houses originate from the House of Hanover and thus from the House of Guelph. By Carmelo Curró Troiano and Don Salvatore Ferdinando Antonio Caputo. Download here.

Illustrious Italians in Africa. Few countries have been on such a roller-coaster ride as Italy. The Italian peninsula lay at the core of the Roman Empire; one of the world?s great monotheistic religions, Catholicism, has its headquarters in Rome; and it was largely the dynamic city-states of Italy that set the modern era in motion with the Renaissance. Italy, history of since earliest times the history of Italy has been influenced by cultural and political divisions resulting from the peninsula's disparate geography and by circumstances that made Italy the scene of many of Europe's most important struggles for power.

This book provides am account of the Italian nobility in the post-unification era. It challenges interpretations which have stressed the rapid fusion of old and new elites in Italy and the marginality of the nobility after 1861, and instead highlights the continuing economic strength, social power and political influence of Italy's most prominent regional aristocracy. Additionally, this volume is to mention some Italian noble families immigrated to Africa after the World War II. Nevertheless, we considered mentioning several Italians, although not originated of noble families, for their substantially contribution in South Africa that were privileged with the title of ?Cavaliere? (Knight) or ?Commentatore? (Knight Commander) from the Italian Government for their outstanding performance benefiting others. The official titles are awarded by decree of the President of Italy to individuals who are given this honor in the Italian Order of Merit known as the "Ordine al Merito della Repubblica". By Cav. Andre Eugene Martinaglia. Download here. 

Ultimus Romanorum. NAPOLEON I AND HIS LATIN IMPERIAL INHERITANCE. Dedicated most respectfully to the memory of THE KING OF ROME (1811-1832) in the bicentennial year of his birth. .Napoleon I and his empire are frequently seen to have been the products of the French Revolution, and indeed they represented in many ways the culmination of the revolutionary impetus initially unleashed by Enlightenment thought and social experimentation. However, while this may partially be true, these elements only served to present the circumstances necessary for the realization of the Emperor?s broader ambitions, which were fired not by only by the fundamental principles of the Revolution, but also by his desire to stabilize, restructure and reinvent French, and eventually Western European, society. By Stewart Addington Saint-David. Download here.

The Court of Frederick II Hohenstaufen - Frederick II was patron of the Sicilian School of poetry. His royal court in Palermo, from around 1220 to his death, saw the first use of a literary form of an Italo-Romance language, Sicilian. The poetry that emanated from the school predates the use of the Tuscan idiom as the preferred lingua franca of the Italian peninsula by at least a century. The school and its poetry were well known to Dante and his peers and had a significant influence on the literary form of what was eventually to become the modern Italian.

Frederick II was considered singular among the European Christian monarchs of the Middle Ages. This was observed even in his own time, although many of his contemporaries, because of his lifelong interest in Islam, saw in him "the Hammer of Christianity", or at the very least a dissenter from Christendom. He was known in his own time as Stupor Mundi ("wonder of the world"), and was said to speak nine languages and be literate in seven (at a time when some monarchs and nobles were not literate at all). By contemporary standards, Frederick was a ruler very much ahead of his time, being an avid patron of science and the arts. By Salvatore Ferdinando Antonio Caputo. Download here.

Creation of Order of Chivalry. Centuries after the American and French revolutions, a global market flourishes in false titles of nobility and self-styled orders of chivalry. This occurrence is because it provide to a general common desire to feel virtuous about oneself, a sense of well-being dependent on the drive to assert one's distinctiveness and the yearning for recognition.perceptions of how a "gentleman" ought to be. The authenticity or legitimacy of an order of chivalry and knighthood stems from its fons honorum (fount of honor). To be considered as legitimate, such an order must not only have a fons honorum, but that fons honorum must meet certain criteria in order to have the historical authority to ?make knights? as it were. By Salvatore Ferdinando Antonio Caputo. Download here.

Who is noble  included in the Almanach de Gotha. - This volume examines the possibility of using genealogies of noble families in the Almanach de Gotha as a source for social sciences, to analyze the social reality of noble families, during the transition from a class structured to a civil based society. Genealogies of noble families have been published since the 19th century, but they were stopped during the Second World War. The Almanach de Gotha did not aspire to group all the ducal and princely families of Europe. In addition to many families tricked out with imaginary titles, and thus excluded, there were some authentic families, the Princes Bagration, who did not appear for the simple reason that they had refused or omitted to send in an entry. In 1989 the family of Justus Perthes re-established its right to the use of the name Almanach de Gotha. The family then sold these rights to a new company, Almanach de Gotha Limited, formed in London. Justus Perthes considers this a new work and not a continuation of the series last published by his family in 1944 with the 181st edition. By Salvatore Ferdinando Antonio Caputo. Download here.

The Legitimacy of Non Reigning Royal Families - This book is the presentation of history of Europe since the downfall of Napoleon and endeavored to explain the internal development of the various nations, and their external relations of the gradual expansion of Europe and its insisted and growing pressure upon the world outside, causing the imminent collapse of many monarchies, its princes and noble families. Moreover, only the broader lines of the evolution of century can be traced in this short volume. Therefore, omitted many subjects in order to give a fuller treatment to those, in our opinion, are more important for the discussion of the legitimacy of non reigning royal families. By Salvatore Ferdinando Antonio Caputo. Download here.

The Royal House of Georgia - H.R.H. Crown Prince Nuzgar Bagration-Gruzisky Dynasty - In 2006 a memorandum was signed by the House of Bagrationi, according to which Nugzar Bagrationi-Gruzinski is recognized as heir to the throne. The memorandum rests upon the legal, historical and genealogical basics; historicallegal documents of the historians of the Academy of Sciences; recognitions of the Georgian genealogical society and the assembly of the Georgian nobility; the historical-legal documents preserved in the archives of the Georgian and Russian state archives; recognitions of all Russian Monarchy Centre and the scientific board of the Moscow Memorial Museum of the Russian Imperial Name and the Peter-Paul Imperial Society. By Salvatore Ferdinando Antonio Caputo. Download here.